Diocletian's Palace: The Ultimate Guide to Split’s Ancient Roman Monument

One of the best-preserved ancient Roman monuments in the world, Diocletian's Palace in Split, Croatia, stands as a remarkable testament to the grandeur and engineering prowess of the Roman Empire. Built as a retirement home for the Roman Emperor Diocletian around 305 AD, the palace is not just an archaeological site; it’s a living, breathing part of the city of Split, with modern-day cafes, homes, shops, and streets woven into its ancient walls.
 

Today, Diocletian's Palace is one of the most significant historical and architectural landmarks in Croatia, attracting visitors from around the globe who wish to explore its impressive ruins and soak in the atmosphere of this UNESCO World Heritage site.

Where Is Diocletian’s Palace Located?

Location: Diocletian’s Palace is located in the city center of Split, along the Adriatic coast of Croatia.

Coordinates: 43°50′33″N 16°34′55″E

Accessibility: The palace is easily accessible on foot from the Split Ferry Port, and it’s a short walk from Riva, Split’s popular waterfront promenade.

A Glimpse of Diocletian’s Palace History

Diocletian, who ruled as Emperor of Rome from 284–305 AD, chose Split as the location for his retirement palace due to its strategic position along the Adriatic Sea. The construction of the palace began in 295 AD and was completed around 305 AD, with the emperor himself overseeing the design and construction. The palace was meant to serve not only as a royal residence but as a fortified complex to protect the emperor from potential threats.

Designed by architects from the Roman Empire, the palace covered approximately 30,000 square meters and featured a combination of luxurious living spaces, military defense structures, and religious sites. The complex contained a large number of rooms, halls, temples, and gardens, making it one of the most extensive Roman residential complexes ever built.

Following Diocletian's death, the palace became a center of civic and religious life. It was eventually repurposed over centuries, with parts of the structure being adapted for local use and becoming part of the fabric of Split itself.

Why Visit Diocletian’s Palace?

1. Ancient Roman Architecture at Its Finest

Diocletian’s Palace is an excellent example of Roman imperial architecture. The design of the palace incorporates military, residential, and religious elements, blending both luxury and defense. Visitors can explore the Peristyle, the central courtyard surrounded by Roman columns, as well as the Temple of Jupiter and Mausoleum, which are integral parts of the original design.

2. A UNESCO World Heritage Site

As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Diocletian’s Palace offers a glimpse into the rich history and culture of ancient Rome. It’s one of the most intact ancient Roman sites still in use today, providing an unparalleled opportunity to walk through a palace that was once home to an emperor and his staff.

3. A Living City

What sets Diocletian’s Palace apart from other ancient ruins is that it is still a vibrant, living part of Split. People still live and work within the palace’s walls, and many businesses, cafes, and restaurants are found in the ancient structures. This mix of ancient and modern life provides a truly unique experience for visitors.

What to Do at Diocletian’s Palace

1. Explore the Peristyle

The Peristyle is the heart of the palace, an open-air courtyard surrounded by a colonnade of Roman columns. It was the place where Diocletian would have greeted important visitors and conducted business. Today, the Peristyle is a popular gathering place for tourists and locals alike. You can enjoy the view of the St. Domnius Cathedral and see the Emperor's Palace.

What to Do: Take time to relax and enjoy the surroundings. You might also catch street performers or musicians creating a lively atmosphere. The square is especially beautiful in the evening when the golden hues of sunset bathe the columns.

2. Visit the Temple of Jupiter

One of the best-preserved monuments in the palace complex is the Temple of Jupiter, built to honor the Roman god Jupiter. The temple features impressive Corinthian columns, and its interior has been transformed into the St. John’s Baptistery.

What to Do: Visit the temple and take a moment to marvel at the architecture. You can also find the statue of Jupiter inside, which is a highlight for history lovers.

3. Stroll Through the Subterranean Chambers

Underneath the palace, you’ll find a network of subterranean chambers that were once used as storage areas. Today, the subterranean spaces are open to visitors, allowing them to explore the hidden side of the palace.

What to Do: Walk through the tunnels and discover exhibits showcasing the history of the palace and its transformation over the centuries.

4. Climb the Bell Tower

The St. Domnius Cathedral, originally Diocletian’s Mausoleum, features a bell tower that offers a breathtaking view of Split and the Adriatic Sea. If you’re feeling adventurous, climb the 57-meter-high tower for a panoramic perspective of the entire palace complex and the city.

What to Do: Make sure to take your camera! The view from the bell tower is truly stunning, with a perfect vantage point of the city and surrounding islands.

5. Discover the Palace’s Modern-Day Life

While Diocletian’s Palace is an ancient Roman structure, it is very much a part of modern-day Split. You’ll find many shops, restaurants, and cafes tucked into the palace’s walls. The combination of historical architecture and contemporary life creates a unique atmosphere that’s ideal for wandering and soaking in the sights and sounds of the city.

What to Do: Shop for local souvenirs, enjoy some Croatian cuisine, or just people-watch as you wander through the palace's narrow alleys.

Local Cuisine to Try Near Diocletian's Palace

Split is known for its delicious Mediterranean cuisine, and many of the best local dishes can be found just steps from Diocletian’s Palace. Here are some must-try dishes:

Pasticada – A traditional Croatian beef stew made with red wine, herbs, and vegetables.

Grilled Fish – Fresh seafood, often served with local olive oil and herbs.

Dalmatian Ham (Pršut) – A dry-cured ham that pairs perfectly with local cheese and olives.

Best Restaurants Near Diocletian’s Palace

Zinfandel Food & Wine Bar – A modern venue offering Croatian wines and tapas-style dishes, located just outside the palace.

Trattoria Bajamonti – Serving fresh, locally sourced seafood and traditional dishes, just a short walk from the palace.

Restaurant Apetit – A fine-dining option offering innovative dishes with Mediterranean and Dalmatian influences.

Tips for Visiting Diocletian’s Palace

Wear Comfortable Shoes: The cobblestone streets and uneven surfaces of the palace can be difficult to navigate, so make sure to wear comfortable footwear.

Best Time to Visit: While Diocletian’s Palace is a year-round attraction, the best time to visit is during the spring and fall when the weather is mild and there are fewer tourists.

Take a Guided Tour: To fully understand the history and significance of the palace, consider taking a guided tour. Local guides provide fascinating insights into the architecture, history, and stories behind the palace’s construction.

Conclusion

Diocletian’s Palace is not just a Roman ruin—it’s a living monument to Split’s rich history and heritage. As one of Croatia's most famous landmarks, this remarkable site offers a unique experience that combines ancient history with the vibrant life of modern-day Split. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply someone who enjoys exploring beautiful places, Diocletian’s Palace should definitely be on your bucket list.